Iris
Goddess
In ancient Greek religion and mythology, Iris (; EYE-riss; Ancient Greek: Ἶρις, romanized: Îris, lit. 'rainbow,' Ancient Greek: [îːris]) is a daughter of the gods Thaumas and Electra, and the personification of the rainbow. She functions as a messenger and servant to the Olympians, particularly Hera
.
- Mentions
- 22
- Connected characters
- 1
- Books
- 9

Mentions in the Iliad
A. T. Murray, Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press, 1924 · Homer, Iliad with an English Translation · CC BY-SA 3.0 US
“and full swiftly did they speed across the plain. And to the Trojans went, as a messenger from Zeusthat beareth the aegis, wind-footed, swift Iris
with a grievous message. These were holding assembly at Priam
's gate, all gathered in one body, the young men alike and the elders.”
“let each one therefore give the word to those whose captain he is, and these let him lead forth, when he has marshalled the men of his own city. So spake she, and Hectorin no wise failed to know the voice of the goddess, but forthwith brake up the gathering; and they rushed to arms. The gates one and all were opened wide, and forth the folk hasted,”
“and he failed not to hearken to goodly Agamemnon. But Iris
went as a messenger to white-armed Helen
, in the likeness of her husband's sister, the wife of Antenor
's son, even her that lord HelicaonHeHe, Antenor
's son, had to wife, LaodiceLaLa, the comeliest of the daughters of Priam
.”
“But if into battle thou wilt enter, verily methinks thou shalt shudder at the name thereof, if thou hearest it even from afar. So spake he, and she departed frantic, and was sore distressed; and wind-footed Iristook her and led her forth from out the throng, racked with pain, and her fair flesh was darkened.”
“whether to throw open the thick cloud or shut it to. There through the gate they drave their horses patient of the goad. But when father Zeussaw them from Ida he waxed wondrous wroth, and sent forth golden-winged Iris
to bear a message: Up, go, swift Iris
; turn them back and suffer them not to come face to face with me,”
“shall they heal them of the wounds wherewith the thunderbolt shall smite them; that she of the flashing eyes may know what it is to strive against her own father. But against Herahave I not so great indignation nor wrath, seeing she is ever wont to thwart me in whatsoe'er I have decreed. So spake he, and storm-footed Iris
hasted to bear his message,”
“And he sent forth golden-winged Iristo bear his message: Up go, swift Iris
, and declare this word unto Hector
: So long as he shall see Agamemnon
, shepherd of the host, raging amid the fore-most fighters, laying waste the ranks of men, so long let him hold back, and bid the rest of the host”
See all 22
“So spake he, and wind-footed swift Irisfailed not to hearken, but went down from the hills of Ida to sacred Ilios. She found the son of wise-hearted Priam
, goodly Hector
, standing in his jointed car; and swift-footed Iris
drew nigh him and spake unto him, saying:”
“thy thought hereafter were to be one with my thought as thou sittest among the immortals, then would Poseidon, how contrary soever his wish might be, forthwith bend his mind to follow thy heart and mine. But if verily thou speakest in frankness and in truth, go thou now among the tribes of gods and call”
“or will yet be slain; and a hard thing it is to preserve the lineage and offspring of men. She spake she, and made furious Aresto sit down upon his throne. But Hera
called Apollo
forth from out the hall, and Iris
, that is the messenger of the immortal gods;”
“and at sight of them his heart waxed nowise wroth, for that they had speedily obeyed the words of his dear wife. And to Irisfirst he spake winged words: Up, go, swift Iris
; unto the lord Poseidon
bear thou all these tidings, and see thou tell him true.”
“Then answered her again Poseidon, the Shaker of Earth: Goddess Iris
, this word of thine is right fitly spoken; and a good thing verily is this, when a messenger hath an understanding heart. But herein dread grief cometh upon my heart and soul, whenso any is minded to upbraid with angry words”
“And now would he have dragged away the body, and have won glory unspeakable, had not wind-footed, swift Irisspeeding from Olympus with a message that he array him for battle, come to the son of Peleus, all unknown of Zeus
and the other gods, for Hera
sent her forth. And she drew nigh, and spake to him winged words:”
“Thine were the shame, if anywise he come, a corpse despitefully entreated. Then swift-footed goodly Achillesanswered her: Goddess Iris
, who of the gods sent thee a messenger to me? And to him again spake wind-footed, swift Iris
: Hera
sent me forth, the glorious wife of Zeus
;”
“the Trojans may desist from battle, and the warlike sons of the Achaeans may take breath, wearied as they are; for scant is the breathing-space in war. When she had thus spoken swift-footed Irisdeparted; but Achilles
, dear to Zeus
, roused him, and round about his mighty shoulders Athene flung her tasselled aegis,”
“to the North Wind and the West Wind, and promised fair offerings, and full earnestly, as he poured libations from a cup of gold, he besought them to come, to the end that the corpses might speedily blaze with fire, and the wood make haste to be kindled. Then forthwith Irisheard his prayer, and hied her with the message to the winds.”
“Patroclus, for whom all the Achaeans groan aloud. When she had thus departed, and they arose with a wondrous din, driving the clouds tumultuously before them. And swiftly they came to the sea to blow thereon, and the wave swelled”
“was wailing for the fate of her peerless son, who to her sorrow was to perish in deep-soiled Troy, far from his native land. And swift-footed Irisdrew near, and spake to her: Rouse thee, 0 Thetis
; Zeus
, whose counsels are everlasting, calleth thee. Then spake in answer Thetis
, the silver-footed goddess:”
“he holdeth Hectorat the beaked ships and gave him not back, if so be he may be seized with fear of me and give Hector
back. But I will send forth Iris
unto great-hearted Priam
, to bid him go to the ships of the Achaeans to ransom his dear son, and to bear gifts unto Achilles
which shall make glad his heart.”
“if verily with full purpose of heart the Olympian himself so biddeth. On this wise amid the gathering of the ships mother and son spake many winged words one to the other, but the son of Cronossent forth Iris
to sacred Ilios: Up, go, swift Iris
; leave thou the abode of Olympus”
“which he had gathered in his hands as he grovelled on the earth. And his daughters and his sons' wives were wailing throughout the house, bethinking them of the warriors many and valiant who were lying low, slain by the hands of the Argives. And the messenger of Zeusdrew nigh to Priam
, and spake to him;”
“neither shall Achilleshimself slay thee nor suffer any other to slay; for not without wisdom is he, neither without purpose, nor yet hardened in sin; nay, with all kindliness will he spare a suppliant man. When she had thus spoken swift-footed Iris
departed; but the king bade his sons”
Connections
Master · Sources
and beside her mounted Irisand took the reins in her hand. She touched the horses with the lash to start them, and nothing loath the pair sped onward. Straightway then they came to the abode of the gods, to steep Olympus and there wind-footed, swift Iris
stayed the horses and loosed them from the car, and cast before them food ambrosial;
which he had gathered in his hands as he grovelled on the earth. And his daughters and his sons' wives were wailing throughout the house, bethinking them of the warriors many and valiant who were lying low, slain by the hands of the Argives. And the messenger of Zeusdrew nigh to Priam
, and spake to him;
Il. 5.368 · Il. 24.169
See all 1
In art

Guy Head. Iris. National Galleries Scotland. Public domain. https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27975073

Peter Paul Rubens. Юнона и Аргус. Wallraf–Richartz Museum. Public domain. https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1713690

Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres. Venus, Injured by Diomedes, Returns to Olympus. Kunstmuseum Basel. Public domain. https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94636963
See all 11

CarlosVdeHabsburgo. Iris 01. собрание не указано. CC BY-SA 4.0. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AIris_01.jpg
Image author: CarlosVdeHabsburgo
Image date: 2018-03-21 18:41:21

Marie-Lan Nguyen. Medallion winged Victory FamGILL Louvre2024-16. собрание не указано. Public domain. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AMedallion_winged_Victory_FamGILL_Louvre2024-16.jpg
Image author: Marie-Lan Nguyen
Image date: 2024-08-01

Totorvdr59. LVS poste 0893. собрание не указано. CC BY-SA 4.0. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3ALVS_poste_0893.jpg
Image author: Totorvdr59
Image date: 2017-07-08 10:35:45

George E. Koronaios. Statue of a winged female deity (Academy of Athens) on May 22, 2022. собрание не указано. CC BY-SA 4.0. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AStatue_of_a_winged_female_deity_%28Academy_of_Athens%29_on_May_22%2C_2022.jpg
Image author: George E. Koronaios
Image date: 2022-05-22 16:39:49

Deiadameian. West Pediment of the Parthenon reconstruction, Acropolis Museum 02. собрание не указано. CC BY-SA 4.0. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AWest_Pediment_of_the_Parthenon_reconstruction%2C_Acropolis_Museum_02.jpg
Image author: Deiadameian
Image date: 2024-06-30 11:44:09

Head of Iris. Department of Greek, Etruscan, and Roman Antiquities of the Louvre. Public domain. https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20054777

Berlin Painter. Louvre G 192. Department of Greek, Etruscan, and Roman Antiquities of the Louvre. CC0. https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9434001

Ribbon Painter. Hydria Ricci. Museo Nazionale Etrusco di Villa Giulia. CC BY-SA 4.0. https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43893457
04 / PROVENANCE
Sources and verification
The character is matched to the catalogue.
- Wikipedia · Iris (mythology) · CC BY-SA 4.0
Excerpt; remaining sentences omitted.
Reference material remains distinct from the poem’s assertions. Characters who share a name retain separate pages.













